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Question-1: What is the importance of the Base SAS?

Answer: Base is the core of SAS software, most of the SAS other component depend on the Base SAS.

Question-2: What all you can do using the Base SAS?

Answer: Using the Base SAS we can accomplish the following activities.

-          You can manage the data in the SAS software

-          You can do data analysis and report generations.

Question-3: What is the SAS Data set?

Answer:  All the data in the SAS is organized in the rectangular form which is also known as table and this table is called SAS Data set. Table contains your actual data.

Question-4: Can you please explain what is the variable in the SAS Data set?

Answer: Variables are the column header in the SAS Dataset. Let’s see the below example of the SAS Dataset of HadoopExam sample learner.

               

ID

Name

CourseName

Fee

1001

Amit

Hadoop

8000

1002

Rakesh

SAS

7000

1004

Nutan

Spark

7000

1003

John

Python

6000

1005

Venkat

Scala

8000

 

In this data all the column 4 header (ID, Name, CourseName & Fee) are known as variable. Variable is also known as features.

Question-5: What is the observation in the SAS Dataset?

Answer: As you can see in the previous data, each record in the table is known as observation. There are currently 5 observations.

Question-6: What is a Data value?

Answer: Each separate information for a variable and an entity is known as data value.     

Question-7: Can you please explain, what is an entity and a data value?

Answer: As you can see in the below SAS Dataset, it has detail about the 5 different persons.

FirName

LastName

Gender

Height

Weight

Amit

Jain

Male

162

58

Rakesh

Gupta

Male

159

57

Nutan

Jain

Female

148

51

John

Fernandes

Male

178

78

Venkat

Upala

Male

167

71

 

Here, each person is known as an entity. Hence, this dataset represents the 5 entities. Where each entity has some characteristics, which varies from entity to entity (person to person) for example their name, height etc. Hence, the characteristics or the features that varies needs to be represented by a variable. And each individual entity has some value for each variable like Amit has weight 58 kg. Hence, here 58 and Amit all are the Data values. So, an observation contains the Data value for one entity. In the given Dataset we can say

  • Total 5 Entity or 5 observations
  • Total 5 variables or features
  • Total 25 Data values.

Question-8: How do you create a new Data set in the SAS?

Answer: In the SAS we use the DATA step to create a new SAS Data set.

Question-9: Please show me an example, how do you create a SAS Data set?

Answer: To create a SAS Dataset we need to write a program. Let’s see from the below pseudo code.

data he_learner;

                input ID 1-4 Name $ 6-12 CourseName $ 13-18 Fee $;

                datalines;

                1001       Amit      Hadoop 8000

                1002       Rakesh SAS        7000

;

run;

The entire program above represents a SAS Data step. Which is creating the new Data set named “he_learner” using the data provided below datalines.

Question-10: Please tell me what all common elements you know about the Base SAS programming?

Answer: Common programming elements in the SAS Base are statements, expressions, functions, call routines, options, formats, and informats.

Question-11: What all are the basic rules for SAS statements?

Answer: Lets see the few rules below

  • SAS statement would always end with the semicolon.
  • SAS statement can be written using lowercase, uppercase or mixture of two.
  • You can write more than one statement in a single line.
  • It is not necessary that your SAS statement can start from the first column of the line.
  • Your SAS statement can be written in more than one line, as soon as it found semicolon then statement ends.

Question-12: What all are the rules for the SAS names?

Answer: SAS could have various names like

  • Name of the variable
  • Name of the Data sets
  • So, each name in the SAS has to follow some rules which are as below.
  • Name must have length between 1 to 32 character.
  • Name’s first character can be either “_” underscore or any other letter.
  • From2nd character to 32, you can even have the number e.g. “_he_2_data”
  • You can not have blank in the names.

Question-13: Is case sensitivity matters for the variable name and how internally they are represented?

Answer: In case of SAS variable name, you can use mis of uppercase or lower case letter. But internally it does not matter whether you use “CourseName”, “COURSENAME” or “coursename” internally all are the same and would be referred to the same variable.

Question-14: What is the SAS Procedure?

Answer: SAS has built in programs known as SAS procedures. Using the SAS procedure, you can do data analysis for the data stored in the SAS Data sets. And generate reports, which save your lot of effort by not writing entire procedure your own.

Question-15: What is the purpose of PRINT procedure?

Answer: PRINT procedure as name suggests display the Data values for the Dataset variables in simple organized form.

Question-16: What is the difference between procedure and proc step?

Answer: Proc step which starts with the PROC (procedure) and ends with the run statement or (if next PROC or Data step found), is called the proc step. Hence, Proc step is a collection of statements which must include the procedure in it.

Question-17: Then what is the proc statement?

Answer: In the proc step we write which procedure to use and end it with the semicolon (remember each SAS statement must end with semicolon) is known as Proc statement. See the below example for entire Proc step comprising proc statement in the first line

proc print data=he_learner;

                title 'HadoopExam Learner List'

run;

All 3 lines are part of PROC step and the first line are known as proc statement. And the ‘PRINT’ is a procedure, which is in-built in SAS to print the content of the SAS Data set.

Question-18: What is the purpose of the “RUN” statement?

Answer: A RUN statement in the SAS base program indicates that all the preceding statements are ready to be executed.

Question-19: What all are the possible output from the SAS program?

Answer: A SAS program can generate following types of the output

-          A new SAS Data set

-          SAS Log

-          Report or new Data listing

-          Catalog files

-          External data files

-          Creating new entries in external databases like RDBMS (Oracle, MySQL, SQL Server, excel etc.)

      Question-20: How would i get access to all  questions, because i am already on the path of Learning SAS ?

Answer: Simply get this Premium and Pro subscription and this material will not cost you anything extra. And much more material yoou would get with this as well. This is what already subscribed more than 15000+ learners as of now.



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